DNS how to

DNS - How to

Best practice of DNS configuration in win 2008 AD
DNS Aging and Scavenging Features
DNS zone types
How can I verify a computer DNS entries are correctly registered in DNS
How to add DNS and WINS into your Cisco VPN server
How does the internal DNS resolve names Internet without the ISP's DNS server
How to clear bad information in Active Directory-integrated DNS
How to configure the primary DNS suffix
How to Configure External DNS Record in Windows 2008 DNS Server
How to Create a Host (A) Record on Server 2008 DNS
How to determine/check the DNS suffix of a computer
How to ensure that DNS is registering the Active Directory DNS records
How to repair the DNS record registration
How to configure DNS Forwarders
How to fix DC's FQDN Does Not Match Domain Name
How to register the DNS RR
How to reinstall the dynamic DNS in a Windows 2000 Active Directory
How to setup DNS Server in Windows Server 2003
How to troubleshoot DNS problems
How to verify that SRV DNS records have been created for a DC
The rule of Setup DNS Forwarding
Understand of CNAME Record
Understand DNS Dynamic Updates in Windows Server 2003
Which name resolution should be used for home or workgroup network

How to register the DNS RR

1. Go to DNS Manager to add it manually.
2. Use netlogon, ipconfig and nbtstat command. Refer to case 0304TTa

How to troubleshoot DNS problems

To correct DNS settings and troubleshoot DNS problems, you can 1) run nslookup from a command line is the default dns server the one you expect.
2) use ipconfig /all on client to make sure the client point to correct DNS server and the the DC server points to only itself for DNS by its actual tcp/ip address, and make sure no any ISP DNS listed in tcp/ip properties of any W2K/XP.
3) When the machine loads it should register itself with the DNS. If not, use ipconfig /regiesterdns command.

4) Check Event Viewer to see whether the event logs contain any error information. On both the client and the server, check the System log for failures during the logon process. Also, check the Directory Service logs on the server and the DNS logs on the DNS server.
5) Use the nltest /dsgetdc:domainname command to verify that a domain controller can be located for a specific domain. The NLTest tool is installed with the Windows XP support tools.
6) If you suspect that a particular domain controller has problems, turn on the Netlogon debug logging. Use the NLTest utility by typing nltest /dbflag:0x2000ffff at a command prompt. The information is logged in the Debug folder in the Netlogon.log file.
7) Use DC Diagnosis tool, dcdiag /v to diagnose any errors. If you still have not isolated the problem, use Network Monitor to monitor network traffic between the client and the domain controller.
8) Also, make sure there are no problems with your high speed Internet connection.

How can I verify a computer DNS entries are correctly registered in DNS?

A: You can use the NSLookup tool to verify that DNS entries are correctly registered in DNS. For example, to verify record registration, use the following commands: nslookup computername.domain.com.

How to add DNS and WINS into your Cisco VPN server

If your VPN client cannot find servers or cannot ping computernmae, you may need to add DNS and WINS into your VPN server. For example, to add DNS and WINS on a Cisco Firewall PIX, add vpdn group 1 client configuation dns dnsservername and vpdn group 1 client configuration wins winsservername..

How to clear bad information in Active Directory-integrated DNS

You may need to clear bad information in Active Directory-integrated if DNS is damaged or if the DNS contains incorrect registration information. To do that, 1) Change the DNS settings to Standard Primary Zone.
2) Delete the DNS zones.
3) Use ipconfig /flushdns command.
4) Recreate the DNS zones.
5) Restart Net Logon service 6)Use ipconfig /registerdns

How to ensure that DNS is registering the Active Directory DNS records

To ensure that DNS is registering the Active Directory DNS records, to go DNS Management console>Server name>Forward Lookup Zones>Properties, make sure Allow Dynamic Updates is set to Yes and _msdcs, _sites, _tcp and _udp are correctly registering the Active Directory DNS records. If these folders do not exist, DNS is not registering the Active Directory DNS records. These records are critical to Active Directory functionality and must appear within the DNS zone. You should repair the Active Directory DNS record registration.

Q: How does the internal DNS resolve names Internet without the ISP's DNS server

A: As long as the "." zone does not exist under forward lookup zones in DNS, the DNS service uses the root hint servers. The root hint servers are well-known servers on the Internet that help all DNS servers resolve name queries.

How to reinstall the dynamic DNS in a Windows 2000 Active Directory

Under the following situations you may want to reinstall the DDNS in a Windows 2000 Active Directory:

Some weird DNS errors have occurred and clearing DNS information has been unsuccessful.
Services that depend upon DNS, such as, the File Replication service (FRS) and/or Active Directory are failing.
The secondary DNS server doesn't support dynamic updates.

To reinstall the dynamic DNS in a Windows 2000 Active Directory,

1. Clear the DNS information.
2. Clear the Caching Resolver.
3. Point all DNS servers to the first DNS server under TCP/IP properties.
4. Re-add the zones and configure them to be Active Directory integrated.
5. Register your A resource record for DNS as well as your start of authority (SOA).

How to repair the DNS record registration

To repair the Active Directory DNS record registration:

Check for the existence of a Root Zone entry. View the Forward Lookup zones in the DNS Management console. There should be an entry for the domain. Other zone entries may exist. There should not be a dot (".") zone. If the dot (".") zone exists, delete the dot (".") zone. The dot (".") zone identifies the DNS server as a root server. Typically, an Active Directory domain that needs external (Internet) access should not be configured as a root DNS server.

The server probably needs to reregister its IP configuration (by using Ipconfig) after you delete the dot ("."). The Netlogon service may also need to be restarted. Further details about this step are listed later in this article.
Manually repopulate the Active Directory DNS entries. You can use the Windows 2000 Netdiag tool to repopulate the Active Directory DNS entries. Netdiag is included with the Windows 2000 Support tools. At a command prompt, type netdiag /fix.

To install the Windows 2000 Support tools:
1. Insert the Windows 2000 CD-ROM.
2. Browse to Support\Tools.
3. Run Setup.exe in this folder.
4. Select a typical installation. The default installation path is Systemdrive:\Program Files\Support Tools.
After you run the Netdiag utility, refresh the view in the DNS Management console. The Active Directory DNS records should then be listed.

NOTE: The server may need to reregister its IP configuration (by using Ipconfig) after you run Netdiag. The Netlogon service may also need to be restarted.

If the Active Directory DNS records do not appear, you may need to manually re-create the DNS zone.
After you run the Netdiag utility, refresh the view in the DNS Management console. The Active Directory DNS records should then be listed. Manually re-create the DNS zone:

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How to configure DNS Forwarders

To ensure network functionality outside of the Active Directory domain (such as browser requests for Internet addresses), configure the DNS server to forward DNS requests to the appropriate Internet service provider (ISP) or corporate DNS servers. To configure forwarders on the DNS server:

Start the DNS Management console.
Right-click the name of the server, and then click Properties.
Click the Forwarders tab.
Click to select the Enable Forwarders check box.

NOTE: If the Enable Forwarders check box is unavailable, the DNS server is attempting to host a root zone (usually identified by a zone named only with a period, or dot ("."). You must delete this zone to enable the DNS server to forward DNS requests. In a configuration in which the DNS server does not rely on an ISP DNS server or a corporate DNS server, you can use a root zone entry.
Type the appropriate IP addresses for the DNS servers that will accept forwarded requests from this DNS server. The list reads from the top down in order; if there is a preferred DNS server, place it at the top of the list.
Click OK to accept the changes.

For more troubleshooting information about DNS configuration for Active Directory, see the following Microsoft Knowledge Base articles: